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Refrigerador para panel solar

Refrigerador para panel solar  esa es la idea y que si la temperatura aumenta en el panel solar disminuye la eficiencia del mismo.

La producción de energía por paneles fotovoltaicos está influenciada por su temperatura. A 50 ° C hay una reducción del 12% en la producción en comparación con la potencia nominal a 25 ° C.

Refrigerador para panel solar

Si la temperatura del panel es de 70 ° C, la reducción de potencia es incluso del 25%. Por lo tanto, tiene sentido equipar el sistema fotovoltaico con un sistema de Refrigerador para panel solar

Un sistema solar híbrido fotovoltaico / térmico es uno de los métodos más extendidos para enfriar paneles fotovoltaicos en la actualidad. El agente de agente de enfriamiento, es decir, agua o aire, circula alrededor de los paneles fotovoltaicos para enfriar las células solares, de modo que el agua caliente o el aire que sale de los paneles se puede utilizar para aplicaciones como la calefacción doméstica.

 Refrigerador para panel solar

¿ En cuànto aumenta la potencia de salida de los paneles solares ?

El enfriamiento del panel fotovoltaico con el agua que circula en un sistema híbrido fotovoltaico / térmico aumenta la potencia de salida de las células solares en casi un 50% y permite que la temperatura de las células no se eleve por encima de 46 ° C cuando están expuestas a un fuerte Radiación solar.

Otro sistema de enfriamiento que puede usarse en sistemas fotovoltaicos utiliza chorros de agua y un ventilador; sin embargo, no es un método efectivo, ya que el agua no se rocía por todo el panel, por lo tanto, algunas partes no se enfriarán y consumirán mucha agua.

Para resolver ambos problemas, es preferible enfriar los paneles con agua pulverizada en pequeñas gotas usando un tubo equipado con boquillas apropiadas.

El aspecto no trivial y quizás más fascinante del enfriamiento de los paneles fotovoltaicos es, por supuesto, el de minimizar la cantidad de agua y electricidad necesaria para su enfriamiento, en particular en las regiones más cálidas y / o secas, si es para el enfriamiento. la electricidad se usa de alguna manera (por ejemplo, para bombear agua u operar ventiladores).

Refrigerador para panel solar : Usando la metemàtica

Se puede usar un modelo matemático para determinar cuándo comenzar a enfriar los paneles fotovoltaicos cuando la temperatura de los paneles alcanza la temperatura máxima permitida, y un modelo de enfriamiento para determinar el tiempo requerido para enfriar los paneles fotovoltaicos a su temperatura normal de funcionamiento, es decir 35 ° C, dependiendo del sistema de enfriamiento utilizado. Ambos modelos deben ser validados experimentalmente.

Los interesados ​​en una discusión mucho más profunda sobre este interesante tema están invitados a descargar gratuitamente de la web y leer el documento de investigación

 Refrigerador para panel solar

“Mejorando el rendimiento de los paneles fotovoltaicos mediante refrigeración por agua”, por KA Moharran, MS Abd-Elady , Ha.A. Kandhil, H. El-Sherif, del Departamento de Ingeniería Mecánica de la Universidad Ain Shams.

Con base en los modelos de velocidades de calentamiento y enfriamiento mencionados anteriormente, los autores del artículo encontraron que los paneles fotovoltaicos producen la energía de salida más alta si el enfriamiento de los paneles comienza cuando la temperatura de los paneles fotovoltaicos alcanza una temperatura máximo permitido de 45 ° C. Por lo tanto, es una temperatura de compromiso entre la energía que sale de los paneles fotovoltaicos y la energía requerida para el enfriamiento.

Paneles que combinan energía solar y enfriamiento por radiación.

Los investigadores han desarrollado un nuevo dispositivo capaz de producir energía solar y enfriar la temperatura mediante radiación. Es solo un prototipo, pero podría abrir nuevas perspectivas para la producción de energía limpia.

Los científicos saben desde hace tiempo sobre la producción de electricidad a partir de la energía solar . Luego descubrieron la técnica de refrigeración pasiva por radiación . Los investigadores de la Universidad de Stanford lograron por primera vez combinar los dos en un solo dispositivo.

Enfriamiento por radiación

Este método es menos conocido que la energía solar, pero también es estudiado por muchos científicos. Se basa en el principio de la radiación infrarroja : todos los cuerpos emiten calor al irradiar. A las temperaturas actuales, esta luz es invisible a simple vista porque está en el rango infrarrojo. Y si una gran parte es reflejada por partículas de la atmósfera, otra se pierde en el espacio, permitiendo que el cuerpo se enfríe.

La radiación de refrigeración se aprovecha de este fenómeno físico, por los materiales que emiten una gran cantidad de rayos infrarrojos explotar. El dispositivo puede enfriar el aire a su alrededor, sin emitir gases de efecto invernadero.

Células fotovoltaicas frescas para mayor eficiencia.

Por lo tanto, los autores del estudio combinaron esta técnica con un sistema transparente de absorción de energía solar, hecho de germanio. El enfriamiento por radiación funciona con nitruro de silicio, silicio y aluminio.

Luego obtuvieron un dispositivo capaz de pasar radiación infrarroja para enfriar y producir energía . Además, los dos elementos pudieron ayudarse mutuamente, uno bloqueando el calor del sol para un mejor enfriamiento, el otro bajando la temperatura del absorbedor.

Si esta nueva tecnología ahorra espacio y eficiencia, aún no está lista para ser comercializada. De hecho, los materiales utilizados son caros y queda por verificar el funcionamiento del dispositivo reemplazando el absorbedor solar con células fotovoltaicas.

Sin embargo, estos resultados podrían ofrecer una nueva mirada a las posibilidades que ofrece la energía solar.
a priori funciona bajo vacío, “Si bien el vacío que envuelve el dispositivo podría ampliarse con relativa facilidad”, creo que está equivocado, porque su ventana de filtro infrarrojo tendrá que soportar la presión en el tipo de 2 m² en lugar de la pequeña superficie actual y es enorme la diferencia en la resistencia a lograr, y el grosor del vidrio especial (que le resulta caro) será mucho más grueso.
si no me planto, aspiro dentro, es casi un peso de 20 toneladas que pesará por encima de una ventana de 2 m² (y 10 por 1 m²)
Ni siquiera puedo imaginar el precio de un marco + ventana para un tamaño de panel solar lambda

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