Que es energia solar fotovoltaica

21 2 minutos de lectura

Que es energia solar fotovoltaica ? Es un proceso en el cual la luz solar se aprovecha en beneficio del ser humano, la electricidad .

Existe la energia solar fotovoltaica conectada a red y fuera de la red.

¿ Que es energia solar fotovoltaica ? Resumen

En las celdas fotovoltaicas‘, la luz se conviertedirectamente en electricidad . Las células solares son discos delgados o capas con propiedades eléctricas especiales.
La cantidad de energía que producen depende de la luz incidente y del tipo de módulo solar .

Se pueden usar todas las formas de luz, pero la luz solar directa proporciona la mayor cantidad de energía.
Las células solares están unidas entre sí en paneles solares más grandes (módulos fotovoltaicos) .

Allí, las células solares están protegidas entre una placa de vidrio en la parte delantera y una película de plástico resistente al agua en la parte posterior.

¿ Que es energia solar fotovoltaica ? Definicion

Energía fotovoltaica: definición Etimología Energía fotovoltaica (PV): el significado literal es «energía producida por la luz». Foto deriva del griego «phos» (es decir, luz) y «Volt» se origina en el nombre de Alessandro Volta, el científico inventor de la pila.

Fotovoltaica solar Energía fotovoltaica La energía solar fotovoltaica permite transformar la energía solar en energía eléctrica de forma directa e instantánea, sin utilizar combustibles. La producción de energía eléctrica utilizando el sol se obtiene gracias al efecto fotoeléctrico inverso de la unión, es decir, al efecto fotovoltaico que se produce en los materiales semiconductores, en particular en las uniones PN inversamente polarizadas.

La producción de energía eléctrica utilizando el sol se obtiene gracias al efecto fotoeléctrico inverso de la unión , es decir, al efecto fotovoltaico que se produce en los materiales semiconductores, en particular en las uniones PN inversamente polarizadas. El material utilizado es el silicio, que disfruta de la propiedad de generar un voltaje en sus extremos cuando es golpeado por la radiación de la luz y, en consecuencia, de generar corriente eléctrica cuando la unión PN de Pe N dopado con silicio se inserta en un circuito cerrado.

El silicio es un material muy presente en la tierra, pero para disfrutar de la propiedad del efecto fotovoltaico debe someterse a un proceso de dopaje que consiste en la introducción de dopantes, es decir, elementos trivalentes como el boro y el aluminio o pentavalentes como el fósforo. y arsénico Este proceso de dopaje se lleva a cabo con tecnologías similares a las de la producción de silicio para componentes electrónicos.

Dependiendo de si la red cristalina del silicio obtenido es perfectamente regular o no, se producen células fotovoltaicas monocristalinas o policristalinas . El cristal único tiene costos de producción más altos que los policristalinos y actualmente también se está extendiendo la tecnología de película delgada.

Tecnologías solares fotovoltaicas Paneles fotovoltaicos (o células fotovoltaicas) fijos y ajustables Materiales en silicio mono o policristalino Materiales alternativos: películas delgadas y otros materiales fotosensibles. GaAs arseniuro de galio, para aplicaciones aeroespaciales especiales CIS, capas de calcogenuro. Por ejemplo Cu (InxGa1-x) (SexS1-x) 2. Tienen una eficiencia de hasta el 11%, pero su costo aún es demasiado alto. Telururo de cadmio cdTe

21 2 minutos de lectura

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