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COMO HACER UN PANEL SOLAR CASERO

Ahora que el clima está mejorando y el sol está brillando por más tiempo y es más poderoso, es una buena idea comenzar a construir sus propios paneles solares.

Ya hay paneles solares fabricados que ya están disponibles y listos para usar, pero también puede hacerlos usted mismo. Entonces la pregunta seria  como hacer un panel solar casero ?

COMO HACER UN PANEL SOLAR CASERO

A continuación le damos los pasos a seguir para saber como hacer un panel solar casero.

Introducción: Hacer paneles solares modulares de tamaño bolsillo

¿Alguna vez has estado afuera y ha muerto tu teléfono? ¿Alguna vez ha querido hacer sus propios paneles solares para cargar un proyecto de teléfono celular o electrónica? ¡Ahora usted puede!

Cada panel cuesta $ 1.25 en materiales y proporciona 0 – 0.5V a 400-1000mA dependiendo de la carga y la iluminación.

Los paneles se pueden conectar mediante imanes y se pueden reconfigurar sobre la marcha para proporcionar diferentes voltajes y corrientes.

Este es un dispositivo barato y portátil que se puede usar para cargar su teléfono celular cuando está acampando o en un monte cubierto de hierba en algún lugar.

Es fácil de hacer para cualquier persona, con herramientas que pueda tener en la casa.

Paso 1: Herramientas y materiales

Herramientas

  • Laminador de oficina
  • tijeras
  • gobernante
  • Papel de pergamino antiadherente (panadería / panadería / papel de manteca)

Materiales

  • Hoja de policarbonato .01 “de espesor: esta será la capa rígida y protectora que rodea nuestro panel solar.
  • Encapsulante de película de EVA (acetato de etileno-vinilo): debe venir con un lado liso y con bultos. Está hecho como una película para paneles solares y evitará que  las células se agrieten.
  • Cinta de cobre con adhesivo conductor: es importante asegurarse de que el adhesivo sea conductor (la mayoría no lo es).
  • Células solares: recomiendo células solares multicristalinas o policristalinas de 52×76 mm. Estos nos darán una tensión de circuito abierto de 0,55 V y una corriente de cortocircuito de 1 A.
  • Imanes pequeños de neodimio (1/4 “x 1/8” x 1/32 “) – Necesitará 2 para cada panel que quiera hacer.

Para un desglose de precios,

Materiales

MaterialCantidad a comprarAprox. número de paneles que haráCantidad que debería costar
Hoja de policarbonato .01 “espesor.1 hoja de 24 “x24”63$ 4
Película de EVAuna hoja de 1’x3 ‘40$ 12
Cinta de cobre con adhesivo conductor.un rollo100$ 6
Células solares (52x76mm recomendados)40 celdas40$ 20
Pequeños imanes de neodimio.2412$ 4

Descargo de responsabilidad: las células solares son extremadamente delgadas y craqueables. Manejar siempre con cuidado .

Paso 2: Cortar hojas del tamaño necesario

Para células solares de 52×76 mm, corte sus láminas a 65 x 90 mm (6,5 x 9 cm). Para cada panel solar que planee hacer, corte dos rectángulos de policarbonato de 65×90 mm y dos rectángulos de EVA.

Otra opción de como hacer un panel solar casero

Paso 3: Aplicar la cinta al frente

Corta una tira de cinta de cobre de 7cm de largo. Aplícalo, con el lado pegado hacia abajo, sobre la línea blanca.

Asegúrese de que haya un espacio entre el extremo de la cinta y el final de la celda (que se ve aquí en la parte inferior de la imagen)

Paso 4: Pegar la cinta en la parte posterior

Da la vuelta a la célula solar. Repita para la parte posterior de la célula solar.

Asegúrese de que haya un espacio entre el extremo de la cinta y el extremo de la celda (que se ve aquí en la parte inferior de la celda solar)

Paso 5: Coloque el respaldo de plástico

Tome una pieza de policarbonato y retire ambas piezas de película protectora del plástico. Retire el papel protector de una hoja de EVA.

Coloque una lámina de EVA exactamente encima del policarbonato con las protuberancias hacia arriba . Luego coloca el ensamblaje de la célula solar encima de eso.

 

Coloque con cuidado la célula solar para que esté en el centro sobre las láminas de policarbonato / EVA.

Paso 6: Colocar el frente de plástico

Retire los soportes de las láminas de policarbonato y EVA restantes.
Ahora coloque una hoja de EVA con las protuberancias hacia abajo en el ensamblaje. Coloque la lámina de policarbonato restante en la parte superior de la EVA.

Retire los soportes de las láminas de policarbonato y EVA restantes.
Ahora coloque una hoja de EVA con las protuberancias hacia abajo en el ensamblaje. Coloque la lámina de policarbonato restante en la parte superior de la EVA.

Paso 7: Lamina tu panel solar

Compruebe que su panel solar esté en este orden de abajo hacia arriba: policarbonato, EVA (protuberancias), célula solar, EVA (protuberancias), policarbonato.

También asegúrese de que su cinta de cobre se pegue directamente de ambos lados del panel.

Coloque el ensamblaje entre los pedazos de papel pergamino para mantener los rodillos de la laminadora limpios de EVA fundido y cinta adhesiva de cobre.

Sin alterar la posición de la célula solar en el conjunto, coloque cuidadosamente el conjunto en el laminador en la dirección que se muestra.

Paso 8: Preparando los Imanes

Cuando se trabaja con estos imanes, es importante que sean la dirección correcta. Marca un lado de un imán. Ahora, hazlo con el resto, de modo que cuando pegues dos imanes juntos, el lado marcado siempre atraiga el lado en blanco.

Paso 9: Añadir imán al frente

Paso 10: Añadir un imán en la parte posterior

Ahora gire el panel y agregue otro imán donde se muestra. Este imán debe tener el lado marcado hacia abajo .

Ahora dobla la cinta de cobre. Asegúrate de que esté bien ajustado a los ángulos de 90 grados del imán.

Paso 11: comprueba tu nuevo panel solar

Si tiene un multímetro, verifique el voltaje y la salida de corriente de su nuevo panel solar.

Asegúrese de que haya una luz brillante que brille en su panel solar. Debe tener un voltaje de 0.55 V y una corriente entre 0.4 A y 1.0 A, dependiendo de cuán brillante sea su luz.

Paso 12: Apila tus nuevos paneles solares

Debido al diseño, estos paneles solares se pueden apilar para un fácil transporte. Sus paneles son aproximadamente del tamaño de una baraja de cartas de intercambio. Compré este estuche para tarjetas de plástico de tap.

Paso 13: Powering Electronics

Si desea cargar su teléfono celular a 5V con USB, tiene varias opciones:

Con 6-12 paneles (3-6V) puede usar una placa como Minty Boost u otro convertidor de 3V a 5V para cargar su teléfono.

Con 12 paneles (6V), puede usar el cargador de polímero de litio solar de Adafruit para cargar una batería de manera muy eficiente y su teléfono (puede necesitar un regulador lineal LDO de 5V).

Con 12-46 paneles (6V-23V), puede usar un convertidor Buck para cargar sus dispositivos de manera eficiente.

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